After Sarah has died and Isaac is married, Abraham takes another wife named Keturah. Her name means incense, the sweet smoke that rises up to God. Even in old age, the man God promised would be the father of many nations is still growing a family.
- Keturah bears him six sons: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak and Shuah. Jokshan becomes the father of Sheba and Dedan, and Dedan's line becomes the Asshurim, the Letushim and the Leummim. Midian's sons are Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida and Eldaah. These names turn into the tribes of the Arabian desert and the incense trade routes. Sheba later sends its famous queen to Solomon with spices. Midian later gives Moses a home, a wife and a wise father-in-law, though it also becomes Israel's enemy in the days of Gideon. So the promise of many nations is real, and these cousin nations keep crossing Israel's story.
Yet the passage draws a clear line. Abraham gives everything he owns to Isaac, the son of the promise. To the sons of his other wives he gives gifts, and while he is still alive he sends them away from Isaac, eastward, to the land of the east. They are blessed, but they are not the heir. Once again the east is the direction of those who go out from the center of the promise. The line of blessing runs through one son, so that later, through that one line, blessing can come back to all the others.