Apacāyana: Honoring those senior to you
Apacāyana is the ordinary courtesy of yielding place to someone further along the road. Younger ones stepping back for the elder costs little, the way an apprentice in a workshop hands over tools instead of grabbing them. Years of practice hold something that cannot be passed along in words, so the one who waits and listens is the one who ends up receiving it.
Nivāta: Humility
Nivāta is the low, unruffled temper of someone who has stopped needing to be seen as tall. Tying it on like an apron before work makes it a daily choice, put on with the hands, visible to everyone in the room. Humility worn this way covers the whole person, so there is no seam where rank can show through.
Sovacassatā: Being easy to correct
Sovacassatā is the quality of taking a hard word without bristling. Subjection to one another comes down to this: someone names your fault and you thank them instead of building a case. Correction lands like a doctor's hand pressing a sore spot, and whoever flinches away keeps the illness.
Māna: Conceit
Māna is the reflex of measuring yourself against whoever stands nearby, better, worse, or equal. Pride meets resistance everywhere because a closed fist cannot take hold of what is being handed to it, while an open palm can. Once the measuring starts, the younger one resents the elder and the elder looks down on the younger, and the whole household stiffens.
Samaggī: Concord
Samaggī is the working harmony of people living under one roof. Mutual subjection is what produces it, each giving way a little so that nothing has to be won: a rowing crew moves only when every oar yields to the same rhythm. Where each one holds their ground, the boat turns in circles no matter how strong the arms.