Appicchatā: Fewness of Wishes
Wanting little is the one ambition Paul lets stand, so the drive that normally chases more gets pointed at less. Believers there were straining toward the Lord's return and letting the day in front of them go slack. A house stays uncluttered mainly because little gets carried in.
Upasama: Stilling
Stilling is what makes a life quiet, and it settles the churn inside before it touches any noise on the street. Some in Thessalonica were so stirred up over the day of the Lord that they had left their looms; a settled mind can stay at the loom. Muddy water clears on its own once the glass stops being shaken.
Attadattha: One's Own Good
Your own good is the piece of work no one else can do for you. Minding your own business puts attention on your own deeds, done and left undone, rather than on the neighbor's readiness. Whoever is busy inspecting the street never gets around to sweeping their own step.
Uṭṭhāna-sampadā: Diligent Effort at Work
Steady effort applied to whatever trade is in your hands counts as a condition of a layperson's welfare. Paul had worked night and day among them, and "your own hands" points at exactly that: wool, leather, tent seams. The same hands fold in prayer and stitch in the afternoon.
Sammā-ājīva: Right Livelihood
Earning by means that harm no one is a factor of the path, sitting among right view, speech, and effort. Hands that feed their own household take nothing from anyone else's, which is why the next line worries about owing outsiders nothing. A trade that carries you keeps the good name of the whole group intact.
Sovacassatā: Being Easy to Instruct
Being easy to correct is counted a blessing on its own. "Even as we instructed you" rests on advice already given once and received once; the work now is to keep doing it. Guidance only lands in someone who can hear a thing twice without bristling.