Kalyāṇamitta: The good friend
A good friend is measured by what they are willing to say to you. Azariah walks out to a king still flushed with victory, an army behind him loaded with plunder, and his first word is "Hear me." Plenty of people will fall in step beside a winner; going out to meet him with a warning is the harder friendship, and the one worth keeping.
Idappaccayatā: This-conditionality
This-conditionality is the plain rule that where one thing stands, the next follows. "With you while you are with him" is that rule in a single line: the nearness lasts exactly as long as its condition lasts, the way a fire keeps burning while the wood is fed. Nothing arbitrary is being threatened, the second half of each clause just reports what the first half produces.
Pariyesanā: The search
Searching is one activity, and everything turns on what you have gone out looking for. "If you seek him, he will be found by you" puts the finding downstream of the seeking, and Asa has just spent a whole campaign seeking something else, a beaten enemy and carts of spoil. The same energy that hunts down an army can be pointed at what holds a life together.
Appamāda: Heedfulness
Heedfulness is care that keeps its grip on what it is holding. "While you are with him" makes this a thing done continuously, so the battle behind Asa settles nothing about the year ahead. A man who has won once tends to relax his hand, and the relaxing is what costs him.
Parihāna: Falling away
Falling away is the slide backward out of ground already won. "If you forsake him, he will forsake you" assumes ground that can be lost, and Asa in his last years does lose it, buying an alliance and turning to physicians rather than to the one he was told to seek. A garden left alone goes back to weeds, and the weeding done five years ago does nothing to stop it.