ʿUjb: Being pleased with yourself
Al-Ghazali lists this among the diseases of the heart, a quiet satisfaction with your own worth. The trouble settles in most easily right after something remarkable comes through you, because the mind grabs the nearest explanation and lands on itself. Nothing feels wrong while it happens, so it can grow for years: a person just feels calm, capable, and slightly above the room.
Istidrāj: Being drawn in by unbroken good fortune
The Quran warns about people whose lives keep going well while they drift further from any sense of needing God. Nothing interrupts them, so nothing makes them look up, and each success settles them deeper into their own high opinion. A trouble that will not clear does the opposite work, keeping a person aware of their limits while the gifts keep arriving.
The people tested hardest are the prophets, then those nearest them: closeness raises the load
A saying of the Prophet, and it cuts against what most people expect from being favored. Someone given unusual access can assume the road should smooth out from here, then finds the pressure going up. Under that saying, the honor and the weight arrive in the same delivery, and the pain belongs to the same story as the gift.
Tawḥīd al-afʿāl: God as the only doer
Al-Ghazali's line is that there is no doer but God, whatever hand appears to be at work. Someone hurt by something that clearly means them harm can spend years fighting the wrong opponent, arguing with the source of the pain. Seeing one hand behind the whole arrangement changes the question from who is doing this to what it is for.
A wrong that leaves you humble beats an act of worship that leaves you proud: the measure is what it leaves in your heart
Ibn Ata Allah said it in his book of sayings. The test he applies to any event is what it leaves behind in you, not how it scores from outside. By that measure, a humiliation that keeps you asking for help outranks a run of success that quietly convinces you that you caused it.
Faqr: Knowing you need God
The Quran addresses people as the needy ones, with God as the one who needs nothing. A person carrying something painful they cannot fix has that fact in front of them all day, and asking becomes ordinary rather than a last resort. Whatever the standing difficulty costs, it keeps them asking for help daily, which matches the plain fact that nothing they have came from themselves.