Murāqaba: Keeping watch, aware that God sees you
Al-Ghazali treats this as the daily half of being ready. Someone who feels unobserved lets small things slide, and the slack shows up most when nobody is around. Carrying the sense of being seen now takes the shock out of being seen later, because nothing was stored away in the dark.
We have lifted your covering, so your sight today is sharp: the hiding ends
The Quran addresses these words to a person at the moment of death. Most people carry a lightly edited account of their own life, one where the motives look better than they were. When the editing stops, the sting comes first and then relief, since a person can finally deal with what is there.
Niyya: The intention a deed is made with
The Prophet said that actions count by their intentions. Two people can do the same kind thing, one out of care and one to be owed something afterward. The same act can be worth a great deal or almost nothing, depending on why it was done.
Riyāʾ: Doing good so that people will see it
Al-Ghazali treats this as the hidden flaw inside good works. Someone can spend years being helpful while quietly aiming at an audience, and that aim is hard to catch from the inside. Full exposure costs such a person the most, since the reward they worked for was how they looked to others.
Whoever does an atom's weight of good will see it, and an atom's weight of evil will see it: nothing is too small to count
The Quran says this about the day everything is shown. People tend to grade themselves on the big items, the crisis handled well or the promise broken, and forget the ordinary hours. Small kindnesses and small cruelties are not rounded off; they stay attached to the person who did them.
Call yourself to account before you are called to account: the reckoning is taken early
Al-Ghazali repeats this line from Umar and builds a habit around it in the Revival. Going over your own day honestly, without a defense lawyer, is uncomfortable, and it also drains away the dread of a surprise. Someone who has already faced their own record has nothing left waiting to jump out at them.