Pema: Affection
Pema is warm attachment to a particular person. Absalom had stolen the kingdom's heart and marched an army against his father, and none of that survives the climb to the upper room, where only his name and the word son are left. Grief comes in the size of the love it follows, and here it arrives all at once.
Piyavippayoga: Separation from the dear
Parting from what is loved is one of the plain forms of suffering. Below is the gate where the watchman called down the news; above is a room where no army, no crown, and no city can produce a young man at the top of the stairs. Every close bond has this ending folded into it from the first day, and the only open question is who climbs the stairs alone.
Parideva: Lamentation
Parideva is grief crying out loud. The words that come are hardly words: a name, a relation, then the same name again, a sentence that never arrives anywhere. Sorrow pulls speech down to one sound and repeats it, the way someone keeps knocking at a door already locked from the other side. Joab will come in shortly to call this weakness; the older reading counts wailing among the ordinary shapes suffering takes in a body that loved someone.
Upādāna: Clinging
Upādāna is the grip that will not open. "I wish I had died for you" offers a trade to no one, hours too late, with the oak in the forest already done. The hold is not on Absalom, who is past reach; it closes on a version of that morning where the runners come with other news.
Kamma: Action and its fruit
Deeds ripen, and they ripen on the one who did them. A sword had been promised to this house long before, and the son who rose against his father had already killed a brother of his own. Asking to die in the young man's place is asking to swap fruits, the one exchange nobody is offered; each eats from the tree he planted.