Adam is the reasoning mind, and hearkening to the voice of the wife is the mind consenting to the pull of the emotional, receptive nature and turning its attention downward into matter. Eating of the forbidden tree is taking that lower knowledge into the self, and the ground that is cursed for his sake is the body, the earthy substance the mind must now labor in and draw its living from with effort and sorrow. The descent into flesh makes the physical body a field that yields only through toil.
To eat of the ground in sorrow all the days of life is the whole condition of a consciousness that has sunk into the physical: it must feed itself from the very matter it fell into, and that feeding costs pain. This is the fallen state of a person, not a punishment sent from outside but the natural weight of spirit bound in body.
Adam: the reasoning mind of a person, the faculty that consents and falls
Wife: the emotional, receptive nature whose voice draws the mind downward into matter
Tree: the source of lower knowledge the mind takes into itself
Ground: the physical body and earthy substance, cursed to yield its living only through toil