Khama: Forbearance, forgiveness
The brothers who sold Joseph now beg the very man they wronged to release the trespass. Forgiveness here is the choosing to let the old harm dissolve rather than collect on it, though every right to collect is his. He holds the whole account in his hand and opens his fingers.
Averā: Freedom from hatred
Joseph does not answer their fear with the payback they expect. In him the grudge has already died, so there is nothing coiled and waiting to strike back. Like a well that has run clear, no bitterness rises when the bucket goes down.
Karuṇā: Compassion
His weeping is not injury reopening but a heart moved by the terror of frightened men. He feels their dread of him and it softens him toward them rather than hardening him. The strong brother's tears fall for the weak brothers who tremble before him.
Anupubbī: The gradual ripening
Years of slavery and prison have worked on Joseph until the wound has become the thing that can now feed a whole family. What began as betrayal has slowly turned, like fruit that needed the long season, into the power to save. The evil done to him has ripened into good he can pour back on them.
Kamma: Action and its fruit
The brothers name their own deed plainly: they did unto him evil, and now they stand inside its long echo. Yet Joseph refuses to become the next link that passes the harm along. He lets the chain of consequence end in his open hand instead of running on.