I asked you for food and you did not feed me: God is met in the one who needs something
The Prophet passed this saying on with God speaking in the first person. A hungry person in front of you stops being an interruption of your religious life and becomes the place where it happens. Devotions kept carefully behind a shut door can look faithful, while the one asking you for something is where God is standing.
Takhalluq bi akhlāq Allāh: Taking on God's own qualities
Al-Ghazali and Ibn Arabi both use this phrase: God feeds people, and the food arrives through somebody's hands. Someone who holds tight to what came to them has stopped the flow at their own door, treating a gift as wages they earned. Handing bread on is doing in a small way what God does at full size.
Īthār: Putting the other person ahead of yourself
The Quran praises people who give to others while short themselves. Most giving comes off the top, out of what could be spared anyway, which costs a person nothing. Ithar starts where giving pinches, when the bread you hand over was the bread you wanted, and you feel the loss anyway.
Futuwwa: Open-handedness
The Sufi lodges built a code around it: the guest eats first, and nobody asks where they came from. Money handed over from a distance keeps the person at a distance, which is often quietly the point. Letting someone through your door means seeing their situation up close, and the lodges counted a closed door as the deeper stinginess.
None of you has faith until you want for your brother what you want for yourself: fellow feeling is the measure
The Prophet made this the test of belief. The hardest people to see clearly are the ones close enough to have a claim on you: the relative, the neighbour, the one whose trouble you already know about. Looking away takes steady effort, and a person can keep it up for years while feeling upright. Faith, by this measure, means wanting for them, with the same warmth, what you want for yourself.