Pīti: Gladness that overflows
Pīti is delight that rises in the body and will not stay put. Joy arrives here first as sound: before anyone can report that the town is alive again, the street hears it. Gladness of this kind cannot be held behind the teeth; it lifts the chest and comes out as voice, the way people start singing without deciding to. Ruins are quiet, so the first sign of return is noise.
Muditā: Joy at another's joy
Muditā is the gladness that meets someone else's good fortune. The bridegroom and the bride are not the ones listening; their voices carry to neighbors, to strangers, to the old woman standing in her doorway, and each is warmed by a happiness belonging to someone else. A wedding is the plainest school for this, since nothing is asked of the guests but delight. A town that can still be glad for two people it barely knows is a town that has come back to life.
Kataññutā: Gratitude
Kataññutā is the working memory of a gift received. Thanksgiving here is carried, walked through a door along with the rest of the offering, so the thanks has feet and weight. Saying "he is good" out loud in a full hall keeps the debt where everyone can hear it. Kept silent, thanks fades inside a week; spoken in company, it holds.
Mettā: Loving kindness
Mettā is goodwill with no edge on it. "Endures forever" carries the weight: kindness that lasts only while the city stands is a mood, and this one held through the siege, the burnt houses, and the long years east of the river. Mettā is tested the same way, by whether it survives the worst behavior and the longest stretch of bad news. A well that still gives water in the dry season is the one worth having.
Anicca: Nothing stays
Anicca is the passing quality of every condition. Reversal is possible because the desolation was never solid; the same law that emptied these streets brings the wedding party back down them. Grief insists the ruin is permanent, and it misleads in exactly the way pleasure misleads when it promises the good times will never end. Anyone who has watched a burnt black field come up green has seen the whole teaching.
Saddhā: Trust ahead of the evidence
Saddhā is confidence placed before proof arrives. Bridal songs are promised while the siege ramps are still going up and the one hearing it sits under guard, with nothing outside the words to confirm them. Trust of this sort is not certainty; it is willingness to act on the better possibility while the rubble is still warm, the way a farmer sows seed months before knowing whether the rains will come.