Māna: Conceit
Conceit is the mind measuring itself against others. Carving your house into the cliff face sets every other dwelling below eye level, so the height itself becomes the argument for your worth. A man who spends his life looking down eventually stops noticing he is doing it, and rank starts to feel like a feature of the landscape instead of something he built.
Moha: Delusion
Delusion is the fog in seeing, and here it works from within: the heart does the deceiving and that same heart is taken in. Someone who lies to a neighbor at least knows he lied, but your own heart reports that the stone will hold, and you believe the report because you trust the source. Nothing in the rock conspires against you; the error is homegrown.
Pamāda: Heedlessness
Heedlessness is living with the guard down. "Who will bring me down to the ground?" gets asked without expecting an answer, and a mind that stops expecting answers has stopped watching the road. It is the town that quits posting a sentry because the wall has held for three generations.
Anicca: Impermanence
Impermanence is the passing of all conditioned things. Rock is the slowest thing we handle, slow enough to pass for permanent, yet water works into a seam each winter and widens it, so the cliff is already on its way down on a schedule too long to feel. Height buys delay, and delay gets mistaken for exemption.
Kamma: Action and Its Fruit
Deeds ripen into results that fit them. The answer to the question shouted from the ledge is not an army below but the conduct of the one asking: standing at the crossroads while your brother's people were driven past, taking the spoil, is the hand already reaching for your foundations. What was done to kin in their bad day comes back up the mountain road, and no gate is built to stop that traffic.