ʿAjz: Coming to the end of your own power
ʿAjz is the Sufi name for hitting the limit of what you can manage. Sitting down to pray and finding you have nothing to say feels like proof that something in you is broken, so people either borrow phrases they don't mean or stop trying. Al-Ghazali treated that blankness as honest rather than shameful, since skill at arranging good words was never the thing being asked for. Having nothing to say is an accurate account of where you stand, and prayer can begin from there.
Sirr: The innermost heart, below thought and speech
Sufis use sirr for the deepest point in a person, further in than any sentence reaches. Much of what weighs on someone never makes it into language: grief, dread, a need with no name. Because it cannot be said, people assume it cannot be prayed, and they carry it around unspoken for years. The old teachers held that this deepest part faces God directly, so the ache there counts as prayer before any word arrives.
Ilhām: Something placed in the heart
Al-Ghazali used ilhām for what comes to you without your working it out. People assume every thought they have was assembled by them, one piece at a time. Yet a single name, a sigh, or one honest sentence sometimes surfaces when nothing was planned, and it fits the situation better than anything drafted. Sufis read that as given rather than produced, meaning the help was already in the room before you spoke.
I have divided the prayer between myself and my servant: God takes the other half
The Prophet passed this on in God's own voice, describing prayer as a conversation. Praying can feel one-directional, like leaving messages nobody picks up. In this teaching, each line a person offers is answered from the other side while they are still speaking. The exchange is shared from the start, so nobody is holding up both ends alone.
Your cry of Lord is my Here I am: the longing was put there by the one you are calling
Rumi tells of a man who called out all night, heard nothing, and was then told his calling was itself the reply. The hardest part of praying badly is suspecting that no one is listening. His own pull toward God turns out to be the evidence he was waiting for. Wanting to pray at all, even clumsily, means something has already reached you.