Vipallāsa: Inverted perception
The mind's habit of laying a self over what has none. Calling "Awake!" to a plank says that inversion out loud, since the wood must first be granted ears and a will before anyone would trouble to speak to it. People do the small version daily, coaxing a car by name when it will not start, and from there it is a short walk to the shrine.
Anattā: No abiding self
The absence of any owner inside. "No breath at all within it" is the finding once the gilding is looked past: covering upon covering, and nobody behind it working the thing. Turn that same look inward, at the search for a permanent someone seated behind your own thoughts, and the woe lands closer to home than Babylon.
Sīlabbata-parāmāsa: Grasping at rites and observances
Trusting a performance to do the saving work. "Arise!" spoken at the correct hour in the correct words is a procedure, and the procedure is what the worshipper leans on while the stone goes on being stone. Loosening this grip is one of the first knots undone on the path, which is why the woe falls on the speaker rather than on the statue.
Paṭipatti-pūjā: Honoring by practice
The highest form of paying respect. Gold and silver hammered over a wooden core is honoring by material, and the costlier the sheet, the plainer the emptiness it hides. Respect that reaches anywhere is paid in conduct, restraint, and steady attention, and a metal-plated post can neither receive that nor give anything back.
Attadīpa: An island to yourself
Standing on your own ground, with the practice as that ground. "Shall this teach?" carries its own answer: instruction comes from someone who has walked the road, and then from your own testing of it on the cushion and in the street. Asked who would guide them once he was gone, the Buddha told his students to make an island of themselves, which leaves gilded objects, and the crowds that gather around them, out of the work entirely.