Taṇhā: Thirst
The Pali word for craving is simply thirst. A woman walks out to the well in the noon heat because yesterday's water is gone, and wanting works the same way in every part of a life: the drink is good, the dryness comes back. Calling the trouble thirst puts the cure inside the one who drinks rather than in the supply.
Saṃsāra: Wandering on
Saṃsāra is the round of going and returning. The walk to the well happens again tomorrow, and the day after, honest work that settles nothing for long. Most lives run on this rhythm, one satisfaction after another, each one true while it lasts and each one needing to be fetched again.
Taṇhakkhaya: Thirst run out
Taṇhakkhaya, the wearing away of craving, is treated in the early teaching as the goal itself. "Never thirst again" is a promise about the drinker, since a spring deep enough for a thousand years would still send her home with an empty jar by evening. When the wanting is spent, the going and returning has nothing left to drive it.
Paccattaṃ veditabbo: Known within oneself
This names how the teaching lands, each person tasting it for themselves. Water offered by a stranger at a well turns into a well inside the man who drank it, so what began as a cup handed over becomes his own source. Someone can point you toward water; the finding happens in you or not at all.
Amata: The Deathless
Amata is the old word for the unconditioned, what stands clear of dying. "Eternal life" heard as more years is the same thirst asking for a bigger jar; heard as the deathless, it is another kind of water entirely. Springing up is the right motion for it, because what rises from inside has no season and needs no carrying.