Paṭisanthāra: Courtesy owed to a guest
Paṭisanthāra, the welcome due anyone who comes through your door, starts with a basin of water for feet that have been on the road all day, and Simon skipped it. He wanted the teacher at his table without wanting to bend toward him, which is how respect gets performed in public and withheld in private. The greeting owed at the threshold reached him late and from the floor, brought by someone with no standing in that house to bring it.
Cetanā: The intention inside an act
Cetanā, the will inside a deed, is what gives it weight, and an omission carries it too. Nothing was poured where Simon stood, and that emptiness was still a choice: he priced his guest and served exactly that much. Her tears were never fetched from anywhere; they came up out of something already settled in her, which is why they outweigh every water jar in that house.
Apacāyana: Honor paid to the worthy
Apacāyana, respect shown to someone worth respecting, is what her body is doing down on that floor. She unbinds the hair she would normally keep covered in company and uses it as a towel for the dirtiest part of a man who has been walking. Putting herself lowest in the room turns out to place her nearer the guest than the host reclining at the head of his own table.
Pasāda: Clear confidence of heart
Pasāda, the settled brightness of trust toward someone worth trusting, is what runs down her face. Everyone at that table knew her reputation, and she crossed the room anyway and got close enough to touch him, which takes steadier confidence than any speech would. Water from a pitcher stays outside a person; tears have to come up through all of her before they reach his feet.
Māna: Measuring yourself against others
Māna, the habit of ranking self beside others, is why Simon can look straight at her and register only a category. He had sorted the room before the meal began: himself above, her below, his guest now suspect for letting her near. "Do you see this woman?" lands on that sorting, since a man busy ranking people never looks at one long enough to see her.