Moses is the awakening reason standing before the burning presence, and his question about the name is the mind reaching for the true nature of the power it has met within. To ask the name is to ask what this inner reality actually is, since in Hebrew a name carries the essence of the thing named.
The children of Israel are the scattered faculties of the person, waiting to be led up out of bondage, and they will not follow until the deliverer can say what governs him. The demand for a name is the inner powers requiring to know the essence of the self that would lead them out.
Moses: the awakening reason drawn toward the higher presence, sent to gather the inner powers
Children of Israel: the scattered faculties of a person, held in bondage and awaiting deliverance
Name: the essence of the inner divine reality, since a name holds the true nature of what it names