Nafs al-ammāra: The part of you that keeps demanding what harms you
The Quran names a self that pushes a person toward the easy or greedy thing, and al-Ghazali wrote at length about training it. Anyone who has decided to change knows how loudly that self keeps talking after the decision is made. Naming it as one voice inside you, rather than the whole of you, is what makes it possible to stop obeying it.
Die before you die: the self is let go of before the body goes
Sufis repeat this line as a saying of the Prophet. The death it points to happens while you are eating breakfast and going to work, not at the end of your life. A person hands over the claim to run everything, and finds that ordinary days continue, with far less to defend.
Baqāʾ: What remains once the old self has passed away
Junayd paired passing away, fanāʾ, with what comes after it. The fear around letting the old self go is that nothing will be left, that a person turns empty or colorless. The teaching answers that the life which follows carries more, because none of it goes into guarding a position.
Tajdīd al-khalq: God making creation new at every moment
Ibn Arabi described the world as remade breath by breath. A person starting over usually treats it as one decision, made once, and then feels finished when the old habit comes back. The making new keeps happening, so each morning arrives fresh, and the same starting over is open in it again.
Sulūk: Traveling the road, step by step
Sufis call the spiritual life a journey and the person living it a traveler. The weight falls on the daily steps, since a road gets covered in short stretches, on days that feel like nothing much. The change shows up as small choices, repeated until they become simply how a person lives.